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İÇİNDEKİLER


1. BİLGİSAYAR’A GİRİŞ .................................................. ..................................... 5
Bilgisayar Çeşitleri .................................................. ....................................... 6
Microcomputer/PC(Personal Computer=Kişisel Bilgisayar) ....................................... 6
Masaüstü Bilgisayarlar(Desktop) .................................................. .................. 6
Dizüstü Bilgisayarlar(Laptop/Notebook) .................................................. ........ 6
PDA(Personal digital assistants) .................................................. .................. 7
HTPC(Home Theater PC) .................................................. .......................... 7
Workstation(İş İstasyonu) .................................................. ............................ 8
Server(Sunucu) .................................................. ........................................ 8
Mainframe .................................................. .............................................. 8
Süpercomputer(Süper bilgisayarlar) .................................................. ................ 8
Bit ve Byte Kavramları .................................................. .................................. 9
Harf ve Karakterler Nasıl İşlenir? .................................................. .................... 10
2. DONANIM BİRİMLERİ .................................................. ................................... 11
Bilgisayar Nasıl Çalışır? .................................................. ................................ 12
ANAKART(MAINBOARD) .................................................. ................................ 13
Anakart Bileşenleri .................................................. .................................... 15
Bus .................................................. .................................................. ... 15
Chipset .................................................. ................................................ 15
BIOS .................................................. .................................................. . 15
Veriyolları(Buses) .................................................. ................................... 16
Pil .................................................. .................................................. .... 24
Portlar .................................................. ................................................ 24
Bağlantı Pinleri .................................................. ...................................... 24
Anakart Parametreleri .................................................. .............................. 25
İŞLEMCİLER(CPU-Central Processing Unit-Merkezi İşlemci Birimi) ................................ 27
İşlemcinin Temel Bileşenleri .................................................. ...................... 27
İşlemci Parametreleri..................................... ............................................ 29
RAM(Random Access Memory=Rasgele Erişimli Bellek) ............................................. 31
RAM Parametreleri .................................................. .................................. 35
EKRAN KARTI(Graphic Card, Video Card) .................................................. ........... 37
Ekran Kartı Parametreleri..................................... ....................................... 38
SABİT DİSKLER(DRIVERS=SÜRÜCÜLER) .................................................. ............... 40
A. HDD=Hard Disk Drive .................................................. ............................... 40
HDD Çeşitleri .................................................. ......................................... 41
Disk Parametreleri .................................................. .................................. 44
Master/Slave Ayarı .................................................. .................................. 44
Disklerin Montajı .................................................. .................................... 46
B. SSD(Solid State Drive) .................................................. .............................. 46
HHD(HYBRID HARD DRIVER) .................................................. .......................... 47
RAID(Redundant Array of Independent Disks) .................................................. ..... 48
SES KARTI(Sound Card, Audio Card) .................................................. ................. 52
Ses Kartı Parametreleri .................................................. ............................ 53
EKRANLAR(MONITORS) .................................................. ................................ 55
Ekran Parametreleri .................................................. ................................ 55
CRT(Cathode Ray Tube) Monitörler .................................................. .............. 57
LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) .................................................. ........................ 58
Plazma Ekranlar .................................................. ..................................... 59
CRT, LCD ve Plazma Karşılaştırması .................................................. .............. 60
OPTİK DİSKLER .................................................. .......................................... 61
CD-R(Recordable) ve CD-RW(ReWritable) .................................................. ....... 62
CD-ROM, CD Yazıcılar .................................................. ............................... 63
CD-ROM VE CD Writer Parametreleri .................................................. ............. 64
DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD-RAM, HD-DVD ve Blu-ray Disc ............................................. 64
DVD-ROM, DVD Yazıcı ve Blu-Ray Okuyucu/Yazıcı ............................................... 67
DVD-ROM, DVD yazıcı ve Blu-Ray Yazıcı Parametreleri .......................................... 68
YAZICILAR .................................................. ............................................... 69
LAZER YAZICILAR .................................................. .................................... 69
MÜREKKEP PÜSKÜRTMELİ YAZICILAR .................................................. ............. 70
NOKTA VURUŞLU YAZICILAR .................................................. ....................... 70
Yazıcı Parametreleri .................................................. ................................ 71
MODEMLER .................................................. .............................................. 72
Modem Kriterleri .................................................. .................................... 73
AĞ KARTI .................................................. ................................................ 74
Ağ Kartı Parametreleri .................................................. ............................. 74
HUB ve SWITCH(ANAHTAR) .................................................. ........................... 76
Hub/Switch Parametreleri .................................................. ......................... 77
KLAVYE .................................................. .................................................. 78
Klavye Çeşitleri .................................................. ...................................... 79
Klavye Parametreleri .................................................. ............................... 79
FARE .................................................. .................................................. ... 81
Fare Parametreleri .................................................. .................................. 82
PROJEKSİYON CİHAZLARI .................................................. .............................. 84
Projeksiyon Çeşitleri .................................................. ................................ 84
Projeksiyon Parametreleri .................................................. ......................... 86
WEBCAM(BİLGİSAYAR KAMERASI) .................................................. .................... 88
WebCam Parametreleri .................................................. ............................ 88
HOPARLÖR(SPEAKER) .................................................. .................................. 90
Hoparlör Parametreleri .................................................. ............................ 92
FLASH BELLEKLER .................................................. ...................................... 94
Flash Bellek Parametreleri .................................................. ........................ 95
HAFIZA KARTLARI .................................................. ...................................... 97
Kart Çeşitleri .................................................. ......................................... 97
Kart Adaptörleri .................................................. ..................................... 98
Hafıza Kartı Parametreleri .................................................. ........................ 100
KART OKUYUCULAR .................................................. ................................... 102
Kart Okuyucu Parametreleri .................................................. ...................... 103
KASA ve GÜÇ KAYNAĞI .................................................. ............................... 104
Kasa Çeşitleri .................................................. ....................................... 104
Güç Kaynağı .................................................. ......................................... 107
Kasa ve Güç Kaynağı Parametreleri .................................................. ............. 109
TARAYICILAR(SCANNERS)............................. .................................................. 111
Tarayıcı Parametreleri .................................................. ............................ 112
TELEVİZYON KARTI .................................................. .................................... 113
TV Kart Çeşitleri .................................................. .................................... 113
TV Kart Parametreleri .................................................. ............................. 114
DONANIM SORULARI I .................................................. ................................. 115
DONANIM SORULARI II .................................................. ................................ 116
DONANIM SORULARI III............................................... ................................... 117
KAYNAKÇA .................................................. .............................................. 118